When baking soda is combined with an acid, such as vinegar or lemon juice, it reacts to produce carbon dioxide gas, which causes baked goods to rise. This reaction also makes baking soda a popular ingredient in homemade cleaning products, as the bubbling action helps to loosen and remove stains.
Baking soda is considered safe for consumption in small quantities and is often used as a leavening agent in baking. However, consuming too much baking soda can have harmful effects on the body, such as causing nausea, vomiting, and even seizures in severe cases. Therefore, it is important to use baking soda in moderation and according to proper instructions.